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Posted By Topic: Texts Mentioning Kufr, a Negation of Faith or Entry to Paradise, or Punishment in the Fire for Certain Sins

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wasim.ahmed
04-06-2010 @ 12:38 PM    Notify Admin about this post
Abu 'Abdil 'Azeez Waseem ibn Abdirraheem Al Peshimaam (Bangalore,India / Al Qaseem , K.S.A)
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Posts: 221
Joined: Nov 2003
          
BaarakAllaahu feek akhee Moosa for translating this beneficial article. Just yesterday i was going through this extremely important answer by Imaam Ibn Baaz (rahimahullaah) and wished if someone could translate this for the benefit of those who don't know 'Arabic.

Moosaa
04-06-2010 @ 8:30 AM    Notify Admin about this post
Abul-'Abbaas Moosaa ibn John Richardson (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia)
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Posts: 1280
Joined: Sep 2002
          
Shaykh Ibn Baaz on the Texts Mentioning "Khulood" (sometimes mistranslated as "eternal" punishment) for Some Sins

The shaykh was asked about the verse that means "Verily Allaah forgives not that partners be associated with Him, and He forgives anything less than that for whomever He pleases...", and the verse condemning the murderer to punishment in the Fire "khaalidan feehaa" (sometimes mistranslated as "abiding eternally therein").  He replied by saying:
quote:
"there is no conradiction here, and to Allaah is the praise.  The first verse is His clarification that everything less than shirk is up to Him to forgive, from His Grace, while He could choose to punish someone who dies on disobedience according to the degree of it and his transgression of the limits of Allaah in a way that angers Him.  But a polyheist will not be forgiven, rather he shall remain in the Fire forever and ever if he dies on shirk, and Allaah's refuge is sought.

The second verse contains a severe threat to those who murder people unjustly, that he is to be punished, and Allaah is angry with him...
Perhaps one of the brothers could finish translating this, as it is a very beneficial answer, and I am out of time for today.  May Allaah bless you.

Source: http://www.sahab.net/forums/showthread.php?t=376939

Moosaa ibn John Richardson

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IbnNathaniel
30-04-2010 @ 8:42 PM    Notify Admin about this post
Abu Ubaid Ali bin Nathaniel Grays (Cairo, Egypt)
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Posts: 30
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In the Name of Allaah, Ar-Rahman,Ar-Raheem

  Here is an article by Shaikh Abdul-Mohsen Al-Abbad called "The truth in regards to the text of waad and wa-eed is the middlecourse between ifraat and tafreet"

http://sahab.net/forums/showthread.php?t=377569

Moosaa
30-04-2010 @ 7:46 AM    Notify Admin about this post
Abul-'Abbaas Moosaa ibn John Richardson (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia)
Member
Posts: 1280
Joined: Sep 2002
          
In the Name of Allaah, the Most Merciful...

Guidelines Regarding the Texts Mentioning Kufr,
a Negation of Faith or Entry to Paradise,
or Punishment in the Fire for Certain Sins


Like:

1) "Insulting a Muslim is fusooq (sinful disobedience), and fighting him is kufr."

2) "None of you has eemaan until he loves for his brother what he loves for himself."

3) "The qattaat (tale-carrier) shall not enter Paradise."

4) "Whoever deceives us is not from us."

And like the aayah of the murderer (4:93) abiding in the Hellfire, and all other texts threatening of severe punishment for sins that other texts prove do not remove a person from the fold of Islaam.

[1] Ahlus-Sunnah understand these texts in light of the entire body of texts on 'aqeedah, and do not take any one of them alone to build their beliefs upon, as is the way of the deviant sects.

[2] The texts prove that the sins mentioned above do not take someone outside of Islaam by themselves.

[3] So kufr like in #1 is kufr less than the kufr that takes someone outside of Islaam.  Any sin referred to as kufr must be considered at least a major sin.

[4] The negation of a person's eemaan like in #2 above is a negation of completeness of eemaan, not a negation in totality.  

[5] The negation of the qattaat entering Paradise in #3 means initially, not that he must remain in the Hellfire forever.

[6] When the Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam) said about an action, like deception in example #4 above, that the person who does it is not from us, he meant: not adhering to our guidance in the proper way.  Thus, deception is a major sin that does not take a person out of Islaam by itself.

[7] The threat mentioned in the verse of the murderer is of entrance to the Fire, but not eternally, and so on.

[8] Some scholars allow these texts to apply to certain cases, like when a person deceives the Muslims by pretending to be a Muslim, and inwardly hiding disbelief.  In this case, the one who deceives us is not from us, ie. not from the Muslims.  Similarly, someone who kills another Muslim, declaring it to be permissible would be in the Fire forever (because he declares halaal what Allaah told us is haraam, and he would be a disbeliever with this belief before he even killed anyone).  However, to restrict the texts to only these meanings would mean that the Muslims do not need to fear the punishments mentioned in the texts, and they would lose their true meanings of tarheeb (scary warnings) for the Muslims, as guidance and warnings for the Muslims, the ones who are concerned with following the texts in the first place.

[9] Some scholars, like ibn Hajr in al-Fat-h and others refer to a position attributed to some of the early scholars, like Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Sufyaan ath-Thowree: to not explain these texts and leave them as they are, so that their effects of tarheeb (scaring people) from the actions remains fully effective.  It is also mentioned that they disliked ta'weel, explaining the texts, like kufr doona kufr, partial not complete negation of eemaan, etc.  The following points are vital to understand this point, as it has confused people of late:

a) The principle of dar' al-mafaasid must be kept in mind.  Meaning, no harmful understanding of Islaam should be concluded as a result.  Meaning the people who are being addressed are not led into making takfeer of other Muslims for example.

b) This is restricted to admonitions and exhortations, keeping in mind the level of understanding of the audience.

c) When academically teaching the religious rulings on these actions, the proper breakdown must be given.

d) No false conclusions may be added when used as an admontion, rather the math-hab of Ahmad and Sufyaan during admonitions was to NOT EXPLAIN THE TEXT, to let it scare the people, keeping to the wording used in the text.  (Keep in mind the overlapping that exists between translation and explanation.)

Some scenarios for practical applications of these guidelines:

1) You are khateeb giving the Friday khutbah.  Killing is widespread in your area.  Some Muslims are even killing each other.  So you scream upon the minbar, "Be warned of KUFR, dear Muslims!! Fighting another Muslim is KUFR!  The Prophet (sallallaahu 'alayhe wa sallam) said, "Do not turn into kuffaar after me (my death), by striking each other's necks!!" and so on, without explaining that the meaning is actually a major sin that does not expel a person from Islaam.  Again, so long as no mafsadah is involved, this is the way of admonition attributed to some of the Salaf.

2) You are teaching new Muslims their religion, and they ask you about some of the texts mentioned.  You respond by saying, "Killing is kufr, the qattaat (tale-carrier) will not enter Paradise, the murderer is in the Hellfire... this is what is in the Book and the Sunnah!"   As a result, there is no distinction between their beliefs and the beliefs of the Khawaarij, which is a major mafsadah (harm).  Based on this, they now pronounce takfeer on major sinners, and you are accountable for that because you did not teach them the meanings of the texts in light of the other texts, rather you kept the knowledge of the other texts to yourself and thus misled them.  "Whoever is asked about something of knowledge and hides it will be made to wear a bridle of Fire on the Day of Standing."

So how much more obvious would the error be when someone not only mentions the text without explaining it in light of the other texts properly, but mentions the text with a false explanation that aids the beleifs of the Khawaarij!!  What if it was in an "Islaam 101 type book" used in Islaamic Studies classes for English-speaking teenagers?!

3) You are active in conveying knowledge to non-Arabs and you consider using what has been attributed to Sufyaan and Ahmad as an approach.  When reviewing the mafaasid, in light of the idea of your audience not having much access to the scholars or their writings, due to a language barrier, and many of them are new Muslims, and thus their level of understanding is basic (most of them), you decide to only mention these texts with their full explanation, fearing the harms that could result in leaving the texts alone, even if it means sacrificing a chance to scare people away from certain sins by mentioning the text of punishment without explaining its full meaning.  This is a responsible and mature decision, based on an accepted fiqh principle, taqdeem dar' al-mafaasid (giving precedence to keeping harms away over establishing something positive).  This is what I would advise all of my brothers involved in da'wah with: that they always consider the level of their audience, the least of them in understanding, and speak to them on their levels.

I pray that these words benefit some of the students and callers to Islaam, and may Allaah guide us all to correct statements and actions.

Moosaa ibn John Richardson

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